docs: add Large Database Support (600+ GB) section to PITR guide
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94
PITR.md
94
PITR.md
@@ -584,6 +584,100 @@ Document your recovery procedure:
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9. Create new base backup
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9. Create new base backup
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```
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```
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## Large Database Support (600+ GB)
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For databases larger than 600 GB, PITR is the **recommended approach** over full dump/restore.
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### Why PITR Works Better for Large DBs
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| Approach | 600 GB Database | Recovery Time (RTO) |
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|----------|-----------------|---------------------|
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| Full pg_dump/restore | Hours to dump, hours to restore | 4-12+ hours |
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| PITR (base + WAL) | Incremental WAL only | 30 min - 2 hours |
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### Setup for Large Databases
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**1. Enable WAL archiving with compression:**
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```bash
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dbbackup pitr enable --archive-dir /backups/wal_archive --compress
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```
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**2. Take ONE base backup weekly/monthly (use pg_basebackup):**
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```bash
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# For 600+ GB, use fast checkpoint to minimize impact
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pg_basebackup -D /backups/base_$(date +%Y%m%d).tar.gz \
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-Ft -z -P --checkpoint=fast --wal-method=none
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# Duration: 2-6 hours for 600 GB, but only needed weekly/monthly
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```
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**3. WAL files archive continuously** (~1-5 GB/hour typical), capturing every change.
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**4. Recover to any point in time:**
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```bash
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dbbackup restore pitr \
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--base-backup /backups/base_20260101.tar.gz \
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--wal-archive /backups/wal_archive \
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--target-time "2026-01-13 14:30:00" \
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--target-dir /var/lib/postgresql/16/restored
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```
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### PostgreSQL Optimizations for 600+ GB
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| Setting | Value | Purpose |
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|---------|-------|---------|
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| `wal_compression = on` | postgresql.conf | 70-80% smaller WAL files |
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| `max_wal_size = 4GB` | postgresql.conf | Reduce checkpoint frequency |
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| `checkpoint_timeout = 30min` | postgresql.conf | Less frequent checkpoints |
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| `archive_timeout = 300` | postgresql.conf | Force archive every 5 min |
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### Recovery Optimizations
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| Optimization | How | Benefit |
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|--------------|-----|---------|
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| Parallel recovery | PostgreSQL 15+ automatic | 2-4x faster WAL replay |
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| NVMe/SSD for WAL | Hardware | 3-10x faster recovery |
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| Separate WAL disk | Dedicated mount | Avoid I/O contention |
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| `recovery_prefetch = on` | PostgreSQL 15+ | Faster page reads |
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### Storage Planning
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| Component | Size Estimate | Retention |
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|-----------|---------------|-----------|
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| Base backup | ~200-400 GB compressed | 1-2 copies |
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| WAL per day | 5-50 GB (depends on writes) | 7-14 days |
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| Total archive | 100-400 GB WAL + base | - |
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### RTO Estimates for Large Databases
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| Database Size | Base Extraction | WAL Replay (1 week) | Total RTO |
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|---------------|-----------------|---------------------|-----------|
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| 200 GB | 15-30 min | 15-30 min | 30-60 min |
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| 600 GB | 45-90 min | 30-60 min | 1-2.5 hours |
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| 1 TB | 60-120 min | 45-90 min | 2-3.5 hours |
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| 2 TB | 2-4 hours | 1-2 hours | 3-6 hours |
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**Compare to full restore:** 600 GB pg_dump restore takes 8-12+ hours.
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### Best Practices for 600+ GB
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1. **Weekly base backups** - Monthly if storage is tight
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2. **Test recovery monthly** - Verify WAL chain integrity
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3. **Monitor WAL lag** - Alert if archive falls behind
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4. **Use streaming replication** - For HA, combine with PITR for DR
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5. **Separate archive storage** - Don't fill up the DB disk
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```bash
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# Quick health check for large DB PITR setup
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dbbackup pitr status --verbose
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# Expected output:
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# Base Backup: 2026-01-06 (7 days old) - OK
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# WAL Archive: 847 files, 52 GB
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# Recovery Window: 2026-01-06 to 2026-01-13 (7 days)
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# Estimated RTO: ~90 minutes
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```
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## Performance Considerations
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## Performance Considerations
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### WAL Archive Size
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### WAL Archive Size
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