v3.42.34: Add spf13/afero for filesystem abstraction

- New internal/fs package for testable filesystem operations
- In-memory filesystem support for unit testing without disk I/O
- Swappable global FS: SetFS(afero.NewMemMapFs())
- Wrapper functions: ReadFile, WriteFile, Mkdir, Walk, Glob, etc.
- Testing helpers: WithMemFs(), SetupTestDir()
- Comprehensive test suite demonstrating usage
- Upgraded afero from v1.10.0 to v1.15.0

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -5,6 +5,103 @@ All notable changes to dbbackup will be documented in this file.
 The format is based on [Keep a Changelog](https://keepachangelog.com/en/1.0.0/),
 and this project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0.html).
 
+## [3.42.34] - 2026-01-14 "Filesystem Abstraction"
+
+### Added - spf13/afero for Filesystem Abstraction
+- **New `internal/fs` package** for testable filesystem operations
+- **In-memory filesystem** for unit testing without disk I/O
+- **Global FS interface** that can be swapped for testing:
+  ```go
+  fs.SetFS(afero.NewMemMapFs())  // Use memory
+  fs.ResetFS()                    // Back to real disk
+  ```
+- **Wrapper functions** for all common file operations:
+  - `ReadFile`, `WriteFile`, `Create`, `Open`, `Remove`, `RemoveAll`
+  - `Mkdir`, `MkdirAll`, `ReadDir`, `Walk`, `Glob`
+  - `Exists`, `DirExists`, `IsDir`, `IsEmpty`
+  - `TempDir`, `TempFile`, `CopyFile`, `FileSize`
+- **Testing helpers**:
+  - `WithMemFs(fn)` - Execute function with temp in-memory FS
+  - `SetupTestDir(files)` - Create test directory structure
+- **Comprehensive test suite** demonstrating usage
+
+### Changed
+- Upgraded afero from v1.10.0 to v1.15.0
+
+## [3.42.33] - 2026-01-14 "Exponential Backoff Retry"
+
+### Added - cenkalti/backoff for Cloud Operation Retry
+- **Exponential backoff retry** for all cloud operations (S3, Azure, GCS)
+- **Retry configurations**:
+  - `DefaultRetryConfig()` - 5 retries, 500ms→30s backoff, 5 min max
+  - `AggressiveRetryConfig()` - 10 retries, 1s→60s backoff, 15 min max
+  - `QuickRetryConfig()` - 3 retries, 100ms→5s backoff, 30s max
+- **Smart error classification**:
+  - `IsPermanentError()` - Auth/bucket errors (no retry)
+  - `IsRetryableError()` - Timeout/network errors (retry)
+- **Retry logging** - Each retry attempt is logged with wait duration
+
+### Changed
+- S3 simple upload, multipart upload, download now retry on transient failures
+- Azure simple upload, download now retry on transient failures
+- GCS upload, download now retry on transient failures
+- Large file multipart uploads use `AggressiveRetryConfig()` (more retries)
+
+## [3.42.32] - 2026-01-14 "Cross-Platform Colors"
+
+### Added - fatih/color for Cross-Platform Terminal Colors
+- **Windows-compatible colors** - Native Windows console API support
+- **Color helper functions** in `logger` package:
+  - `Success()`, `Error()`, `Warning()`, `Info()` - Status messages with icons
+  - `Header()`, `Dim()`, `Bold()` - Text styling
+  - `Green()`, `Red()`, `Yellow()`, `Cyan()` - Colored text
+  - `StatusLine()`, `TableRow()` - Formatted output
+  - `DisableColors()`, `EnableColors()` - Runtime control
+- **Consistent color scheme** across all log levels
+
+### Changed
+- Logger `CleanFormatter` now uses fatih/color instead of raw ANSI codes
+- All progress indicators use fatih/color for `[OK]`/`[FAIL]` status
+- Automatic color detection (disabled for non-TTY)
+
+## [3.42.31] - 2026-01-14 "Visual Progress Bars"
+
+### Added - schollz/progressbar for Enhanced Progress Display
+- **Visual progress bars** for cloud uploads/downloads with:
+  - Byte transfer display (e.g., `245 MB / 1.2 GB`)
+  - Transfer speed (e.g., `45 MB/s`)
+  - ETA prediction
+  - Color-coded progress with Unicode blocks
+- **Checksum verification progress** - visual progress while calculating SHA-256
+- **Spinner for indeterminate operations** - Braille-style spinner when size unknown
+- New progress types: `NewSchollzBar()`, `NewSchollzBarItems()`, `NewSchollzSpinner()`
+- Progress bar `Writer()` method for io.Copy integration
+
+### Changed
+- Cloud download shows real-time byte progress instead of 10% log messages
+- Cloud upload shows visual progress bar instead of debug logs  
+- Checksum verification shows progress for large files
+
+## [3.42.30] - 2026-01-09 "Better Error Aggregation"
+
+### Added - go-multierror for Cluster Restore Errors
+- **Enhanced error reporting** - Now shows ALL database failures, not just a count
+- Uses `hashicorp/go-multierror` for proper error aggregation
+- Each failed database error is preserved with full context
+- Bullet-pointed error output for readability:
+  ```
+  cluster restore completed with 3 failures:
+  3 database(s) failed:
+    • db1: restore failed: max_locks_per_transaction exceeded
+    • db2: restore failed: connection refused
+    • db3: failed to create database: permission denied
+  ```
+
+### Changed
+- Replaced string slice error collection with proper `*multierror.Error`
+- Thread-safe error aggregation with dedicated mutex
+- Improved error wrapping with `%w` for error chain preservation
+
 ## [3.42.10] - 2026-01-08 "Code Quality"
 
 ### Fixed - Code Quality Issues

bin/README.md

@@ -3,9 +3,9 @@
 This directory contains pre-compiled binaries for the DB Backup Tool across multiple platforms and architectures.
 
 ## Build Information
-- **Version**: 3.42.10
+- **Version**: 3.42.33
-- **Build Time**: 2026-01-14_14:49:15_UTC
+- **Build Time**: 2026-01-14_15:19:48_UTC
-- **Git Commit**: 8c85d85
+- **Git Commit**: 4e09066
 
 ## Recent Updates (v1.1.0)
 - ✅ Fixed TUI progress display with line-by-line output

go.mod

@@ -57,6 +57,7 @@ require (
 	github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/service/sts v1.41.2 // indirect
 	github.com/aws/smithy-go v1.23.2 // indirect
 	github.com/aymanbagabas/go-osc52/v2 v2.0.1 // indirect
+	github.com/cenkalti/backoff/v4 v4.3.0 // indirect
 	github.com/cespare/xxhash/v2 v2.3.0 // indirect
 	github.com/charmbracelet/colorprofile v0.2.3-0.20250311203215-f60798e515dc // indirect
 	github.com/charmbracelet/x/ansi v0.10.1 // indirect
@@ -66,6 +67,7 @@ require (
 	github.com/envoyproxy/go-control-plane/envoy v1.32.4 // indirect
 	github.com/envoyproxy/protoc-gen-validate v1.2.1 // indirect
 	github.com/erikgeiser/coninput v0.0.0-20211004153227-1c3628e74d0f // indirect
+	github.com/fatih/color v1.18.0 // indirect
 	github.com/felixge/httpsnoop v1.0.4 // indirect
 	github.com/go-jose/go-jose/v4 v4.1.2 // indirect
 	github.com/go-logr/logr v1.4.3 // indirect
@@ -75,21 +77,27 @@ require (
 	github.com/google/uuid v1.6.0 // indirect
 	github.com/googleapis/enterprise-certificate-proxy v0.3.7 // indirect
 	github.com/googleapis/gax-go/v2 v2.15.0 // indirect
+	github.com/hashicorp/errwrap v1.0.0 // indirect
+	github.com/hashicorp/go-multierror v1.1.1 // indirect
 	github.com/inconshreveable/mousetrap v1.1.0 // indirect
 	github.com/jackc/pgpassfile v1.0.0 // indirect
 	github.com/jackc/pgservicefile v0.0.0-20240606120523-5a60cdf6a761 // indirect
 	github.com/jackc/puddle/v2 v2.2.2 // indirect
 	github.com/lucasb-eyer/go-colorful v1.2.0 // indirect
 	github.com/lufia/plan9stats v0.0.0-20211012122336-39d0f177ccd0 // indirect
+	github.com/mattn/go-colorable v0.1.13 // indirect
 	github.com/mattn/go-isatty v0.0.20 // indirect
 	github.com/mattn/go-localereader v0.0.1 // indirect
 	github.com/mattn/go-runewidth v0.0.16 // indirect
+	github.com/mitchellh/colorstring v0.0.0-20190213212951-d06e56a500db // indirect
 	github.com/muesli/ansi v0.0.0-20230316100256-276c6243b2f6 // indirect
 	github.com/muesli/cancelreader v0.2.2 // indirect
 	github.com/muesli/termenv v0.16.0 // indirect
 	github.com/planetscale/vtprotobuf v0.6.1-0.20240319094008-0393e58bdf10 // indirect
 	github.com/power-devops/perfstat v0.0.0-20210106213030-5aafc221ea8c // indirect
 	github.com/rivo/uniseg v0.4.7 // indirect
+	github.com/schollz/progressbar/v3 v3.19.0 // indirect
+	github.com/spf13/afero v1.15.0 // indirect
 	github.com/spiffe/go-spiffe/v2 v2.5.0 // indirect
 	github.com/tklauser/go-sysconf v0.3.12 // indirect
 	github.com/tklauser/numcpus v0.6.1 // indirect
@@ -109,6 +117,7 @@ require (
 	golang.org/x/oauth2 v0.33.0 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/sync v0.18.0 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/sys v0.38.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/term v0.36.0 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/text v0.30.0 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/time v0.14.0 // indirect
 	google.golang.org/genproto v0.0.0-20250603155806-513f23925822 // indirect

go.sum

@@ -84,6 +84,8 @@ github.com/aws/smithy-go v1.23.2 h1:Crv0eatJUQhaManss33hS5r40CG3ZFH+21XSkqMrIUM=
 github.com/aws/smithy-go v1.23.2/go.mod h1:LEj2LM3rBRQJxPZTB4KuzZkaZYnZPnvgIhb4pu07mx0=
 github.com/aymanbagabas/go-osc52/v2 v2.0.1 h1:HwpRHbFMcZLEVr42D4p7XBqjyuxQH5SMiErDT4WkJ2k=
 github.com/aymanbagabas/go-osc52/v2 v2.0.1/go.mod h1:uYgXzlJ7ZpABp8OJ+exZzJJhRNQ2ASbcXHWsFqH8hp8=
+github.com/cenkalti/backoff/v4 v4.3.0 h1:MyRJ/UdXutAwSAT+s3wNd7MfTIcy71VQueUuFK343L8=
+github.com/cenkalti/backoff/v4 v4.3.0/go.mod h1:Y3VNntkOUPxTVeUxJ/G5vcM//AlwfmyYozVcomhLiZE=
 github.com/cespare/xxhash/v2 v2.3.0 h1:UL815xU9SqsFlibzuggzjXhog7bL6oX9BbNZnL2UFvs=
 github.com/cespare/xxhash/v2 v2.3.0/go.mod h1:VGX0DQ3Q6kWi7AoAeZDth3/j3BFtOZR5XLFGgcrjCOs=
 github.com/charmbracelet/bubbles v0.21.0 h1:9TdC97SdRVg/1aaXNVWfFH3nnLAwOXr8Fn6u6mfQdFs=
@@ -119,6 +121,8 @@ github.com/envoyproxy/protoc-gen-validate v1.2.1 h1:DEo3O99U8j4hBFwbJfrz9VtgcDfU
 github.com/envoyproxy/protoc-gen-validate v1.2.1/go.mod h1:d/C80l/jxXLdfEIhX1W2TmLfsJ31lvEjwamM4DxlWXU=
 github.com/erikgeiser/coninput v0.0.0-20211004153227-1c3628e74d0f h1:Y/CXytFA4m6baUTXGLOoWe4PQhGxaX0KpnayAqC48p4=
 github.com/erikgeiser/coninput v0.0.0-20211004153227-1c3628e74d0f/go.mod h1:vw97MGsxSvLiUE2X8qFplwetxpGLQrlU1Q9AUEIzCaM=
+github.com/fatih/color v1.18.0 h1:S8gINlzdQ840/4pfAwic/ZE0djQEH3wM94VfqLTZcOM=
+github.com/fatih/color v1.18.0/go.mod h1:4FelSpRwEGDpQ12mAdzqdOukCy4u8WUtOY6lkT/6HfU=
 github.com/felixge/httpsnoop v1.0.4 h1:NFTV2Zj1bL4mc9sqWACXbQFVBBg2W3GPvqp8/ESS2Wg=
 github.com/felixge/httpsnoop v1.0.4/go.mod h1:m8KPJKqk1gH5J9DgRY2ASl2lWCfGKXixSwevea8zH2U=
 github.com/go-jose/go-jose/v4 v4.1.2 h1:TK/7NqRQZfgAh+Td8AlsrvtPoUyiHh0LqVvokh+1vHI=
@@ -149,6 +153,10 @@ github.com/googleapis/enterprise-certificate-proxy v0.3.7 h1:zrn2Ee/nWmHulBx5sAV
 github.com/googleapis/enterprise-certificate-proxy v0.3.7/go.mod h1:MkHOF77EYAE7qfSuSS9PU6g4Nt4e11cnsDUowfwewLA=
 github.com/googleapis/gax-go/v2 v2.15.0 h1:SyjDc1mGgZU5LncH8gimWo9lW1DtIfPibOG81vgd/bo=
 github.com/googleapis/gax-go/v2 v2.15.0/go.mod h1:zVVkkxAQHa1RQpg9z2AUCMnKhi0Qld9rcmyfL1OZhoc=
+github.com/hashicorp/errwrap v1.0.0 h1:hLrqtEDnRye3+sgx6z4qVLNuviH3MR5aQ0ykNJa/UYA=
+github.com/hashicorp/errwrap v1.0.0/go.mod h1:YH+1FKiLXxHSkmPseP+kNlulaMuP3n2brvKWEqk/Jc4=
+github.com/hashicorp/go-multierror v1.1.1 h1:H5DkEtf6CXdFp0N0Em5UCwQpXMWke8IA0+lD48awMYo=
+github.com/hashicorp/go-multierror v1.1.1/go.mod h1:iw975J/qwKPdAO1clOe2L8331t/9/fmwbPZ6JB6eMoM=
 github.com/inconshreveable/mousetrap v1.1.0 h1:wN+x4NVGpMsO7ErUn/mUI3vEoE6Jt13X2s0bqwp9tc8=
 github.com/inconshreveable/mousetrap v1.1.0/go.mod h1:vpF70FUmC8bwa3OWnCshd2FqLfsEA9PFc4w1p2J65bw=
 github.com/jackc/pgpassfile v1.0.0 h1:/6Hmqy13Ss2zCq62VdNG8tM1wchn8zjSGOBJ6icpsIM=
@@ -165,6 +173,9 @@ github.com/lucasb-eyer/go-colorful v1.2.0 h1:1nnpGOrhyZZuNyfu1QjKiUICQ74+3FNCN69
 github.com/lucasb-eyer/go-colorful v1.2.0/go.mod h1:R4dSotOR9KMtayYi1e77YzuveK+i7ruzyGqttikkLy0=
 github.com/lufia/plan9stats v0.0.0-20211012122336-39d0f177ccd0 h1:6E+4a0GO5zZEnZ81pIr0yLvtUWk2if982qA3F3QD6H4=
 github.com/lufia/plan9stats v0.0.0-20211012122336-39d0f177ccd0/go.mod h1:zJYVVT2jmtg6P3p1VtQj7WsuWi/y4VnjVBn7F8KPB3I=
+github.com/mattn/go-colorable v0.1.13 h1:fFA4WZxdEF4tXPZVKMLwD8oUnCTTo08duU7wxecdEvA=
+github.com/mattn/go-colorable v0.1.13/go.mod h1:7S9/ev0klgBDR4GtXTXX8a3vIGJpMovkB8vQcUbaXHg=
+github.com/mattn/go-isatty v0.0.16/go.mod h1:kYGgaQfpe5nmfYZH+SKPsOc2e4SrIfOl2e/yFXSvRLM=
 github.com/mattn/go-isatty v0.0.20 h1:xfD0iDuEKnDkl03q4limB+vH+GxLEtL/jb4xVJSWWEY=
 github.com/mattn/go-isatty v0.0.20/go.mod h1:W+V8PltTTMOvKvAeJH7IuucS94S2C6jfK/D7dTCTo3Y=
 github.com/mattn/go-localereader v0.0.1 h1:ygSAOl7ZXTx4RdPYinUpg6W99U8jWvWi9Ye2JC/oIi4=
@@ -173,6 +184,8 @@ github.com/mattn/go-runewidth v0.0.16 h1:E5ScNMtiwvlvB5paMFdw9p4kSQzbXFikJ5SQO6T
 github.com/mattn/go-runewidth v0.0.16/go.mod h1:Jdepj2loyihRzMpdS35Xk/zdY8IAYHsh153qUoGf23w=
 github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3 v1.14.32 h1:JD12Ag3oLy1zQA+BNn74xRgaBbdhbNIDYvQUEuuErjs=
 github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3 v1.14.32/go.mod h1:Uh1q+B4BYcTPb+yiD3kU8Ct7aC0hY9fxUwlHK0RXw+Y=
+github.com/mitchellh/colorstring v0.0.0-20190213212951-d06e56a500db h1:62I3jR2EmQ4l5rM/4FEfDWcRD+abF5XlKShorW5LRoQ=
+github.com/mitchellh/colorstring v0.0.0-20190213212951-d06e56a500db/go.mod h1:l0dey0ia/Uv7NcFFVbCLtqEBQbrT4OCwCSKTEv6enCw=
 github.com/muesli/ansi v0.0.0-20230316100256-276c6243b2f6 h1:ZK8zHtRHOkbHy6Mmr5D264iyp3TiX5OmNcI5cIARiQI=
 github.com/muesli/ansi v0.0.0-20230316100256-276c6243b2f6/go.mod h1:CJlz5H+gyd6CUWT45Oy4q24RdLyn7Md9Vj2/ldJBSIo=
 github.com/muesli/cancelreader v0.2.2 h1:3I4Kt4BQjOR54NavqnDogx/MIoWBFa0StPA8ELUXHmA=
@@ -192,10 +205,14 @@ github.com/rivo/uniseg v0.2.0/go.mod h1:J6wj4VEh+S6ZtnVlnTBMWIodfgj8LQOQFoIToxlJ
 github.com/rivo/uniseg v0.4.7 h1:WUdvkW8uEhrYfLC4ZzdpI2ztxP1I582+49Oc5Mq64VQ=
 github.com/rivo/uniseg v0.4.7/go.mod h1:FN3SvrM+Zdj16jyLfmOkMNblXMcoc8DfTHruCPUcx88=
 github.com/russross/blackfriday/v2 v2.1.0/go.mod h1:+Rmxgy9KzJVeS9/2gXHxylqXiyQDYRxCVz55jmeOWTM=
+github.com/schollz/progressbar/v3 v3.19.0 h1:Ea18xuIRQXLAUidVDox3AbwfUhD0/1IvohyTutOIFoc=
+github.com/schollz/progressbar/v3 v3.19.0/go.mod h1:IsO3lpbaGuzh8zIMzgY3+J8l4C8GjO0Y9S69eFvNsec=
 github.com/shirou/gopsutil/v3 v3.24.5 h1:i0t8kL+kQTvpAYToeuiVk3TgDeKOFioZO3Ztz/iZ9pI=
 github.com/shirou/gopsutil/v3 v3.24.5/go.mod h1:bsoOS1aStSs9ErQ1WWfxllSeS1K5D+U30r2NfcubMVk=
 github.com/sirupsen/logrus v1.9.3 h1:dueUQJ1C2q9oE3F7wvmSGAaVtTmUizReu6fjN8uqzbQ=
 github.com/sirupsen/logrus v1.9.3/go.mod h1:naHLuLoDiP4jHNo9R0sCBMtWGeIprob74mVsIT4qYEQ=
+github.com/spf13/afero v1.15.0 h1:b/YBCLWAJdFWJTN9cLhiXXcD7mzKn9Dm86dNnfyQw1I=
+github.com/spf13/afero v1.15.0/go.mod h1:NC2ByUVxtQs4b3sIUphxK0NioZnmxgyCrfzeuq8lxMg=
 github.com/spf13/cobra v1.10.1 h1:lJeBwCfmrnXthfAupyUTzJ/J4Nc1RsHC/mSRU2dll/s=
 github.com/spf13/cobra v1.10.1/go.mod h1:7SmJGaTHFVBY0jW4NXGluQoLvhqFQM+6XSKD+P4XaB0=
 github.com/spf13/pflag v1.0.9 h1:9exaQaMOCwffKiiiYk6/BndUBv+iRViNW+4lEMi0PvY=
@@ -251,11 +268,14 @@ golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20190916202348-b4ddaad3f8a3/go.mod h1:h1NjWce9XRLGQEsW7w
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20201204225414-ed752295db88/go.mod h1:h1NjWce9XRLGQEsW7wpKNCjG9DtNlClVuFLEZdDNbEs=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20210809222454-d867a43fc93e/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20220715151400-c0bba94af5f8/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20220811171246-fbc7d0a398ab/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.6.0/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.8.0/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.11.0/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.38.0 h1:3yZWxaJjBmCWXqhN1qh02AkOnCQ1poK6oF+a7xWL6Gc=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.38.0/go.mod h1:OgkHotnGiDImocRcuBABYBEXf8A9a87e/uXjp9XT3ks=
+golang.org/x/term v0.36.0 h1:zMPR+aF8gfksFprF/Nc/rd1wRS1EI6nDBGyWAvDzx2Q=
+golang.org/x/term v0.36.0/go.mod h1:Qu394IJq6V6dCBRgwqshf3mPF85AqzYEzofzRdZkWss=
 golang.org/x/text v0.30.0 h1:yznKA/E9zq54KzlzBEAWn1NXSQ8DIp/NYMy88xJjl4k=
 golang.org/x/text v0.30.0/go.mod h1:yDdHFIX9t+tORqspjENWgzaCVXgk0yYnYuSZ8UzzBVM=
 golang.org/x/time v0.14.0 h1:MRx4UaLrDotUKUdCIqzPC48t1Y9hANFKIRpNx+Te8PI=

internal/backup/engine.go

@@ -1242,23 +1242,29 @@ func (e *Engine) uploadToCloud(ctx context.Context, backupFile string, tracker *
 	filename := filepath.Base(backupFile)
 	e.log.Info("Uploading backup to cloud", "file", filename, "size", cloud.FormatSize(info.Size()))
 
-	// Progress callback
+	// Create schollz progressbar for visual upload progress
-	var lastPercent int
+	bar := progress.NewSchollzBar(info.Size(), fmt.Sprintf("Uploading %s", filename))
+
+	// Progress callback with schollz progressbar
+	var lastBytes int64
 	progressCallback := func(transferred, total int64) {
-		percent := int(float64(transferred) / float64(total) * 100)
+		delta := transferred - lastBytes
-		if percent != lastPercent && percent%10 == 0 {
+		if delta > 0 {
-			e.log.Debug("Upload progress", "percent", percent, "transferred", cloud.FormatSize(transferred), "total", cloud.FormatSize(total))
+			_ = bar.Add64(delta)
-			lastPercent = percent
 		}
+		lastBytes = transferred
 	}
 
 	// Upload to cloud
 	err = backend.Upload(ctx, backupFile, filename, progressCallback)
 	if err != nil {
+		bar.Fail("Upload failed")
 		uploadStep.Fail(fmt.Errorf("cloud upload failed: %w", err))
 		return err
 	}
 
+	_ = bar.Finish()
+
 	// Also upload metadata file
 	metaFile := backupFile + ".meta.json"
 	if _, err := os.Stat(metaFile); err == nil {

internal/cloud/azure.go

@@ -151,37 +151,46 @@ func (a *AzureBackend) Upload(ctx context.Context, localPath, remotePath string,
 	return a.uploadSimple(ctx, file, blobName, fileSize, progress)
 }
 
-// uploadSimple uploads a file using simple upload (single request)
+// uploadSimple uploads a file using simple upload (single request) with retry
 func (a *AzureBackend) uploadSimple(ctx context.Context, file *os.File, blobName string, fileSize int64, progress ProgressCallback) error {
-	blockBlobClient := a.client.ServiceClient().NewContainerClient(a.containerName).NewBlockBlobClient(blobName)
+	return RetryOperationWithNotify(ctx, DefaultRetryConfig(), func() error {
+		// Reset file position for retry
+		if _, err := file.Seek(0, 0); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("failed to reset file position: %w", err)
+		}
 
-	// Wrap reader with progress tracking
+		blockBlobClient := a.client.ServiceClient().NewContainerClient(a.containerName).NewBlockBlobClient(blobName)
-	reader := NewProgressReader(file, fileSize, progress)
 
-	// Calculate MD5 hash for integrity
+		// Wrap reader with progress tracking
-	hash := sha256.New()
+		reader := NewProgressReader(file, fileSize, progress)
-	teeReader := io.TeeReader(reader, hash)
 
-	_, err := blockBlobClient.UploadStream(ctx, teeReader, &blockblob.UploadStreamOptions{
+		// Calculate MD5 hash for integrity
-		BlockSize: 4 * 1024 * 1024, // 4MB blocks
+		hash := sha256.New()
+		teeReader := io.TeeReader(reader, hash)
+
+		_, err := blockBlobClient.UploadStream(ctx, teeReader, &blockblob.UploadStreamOptions{
+			BlockSize: 4 * 1024 * 1024, // 4MB blocks
+		})
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("failed to upload blob: %w", err)
+		}
+
+		// Store checksum as metadata
+		checksum := hex.EncodeToString(hash.Sum(nil))
+		metadata := map[string]*string{
+			"sha256": &checksum,
+		}
+
+		_, err = blockBlobClient.SetMetadata(ctx, metadata, nil)
+		if err != nil {
+			// Non-fatal: upload succeeded but metadata failed
+			fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "Warning: failed to set blob metadata: %v\n", err)
+		}
+
+		return nil
+	}, func(err error, duration time.Duration) {
+		fmt.Printf("[Azure] Upload retry in %v: %v\n", duration, err)
 	})
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to upload blob: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	// Store checksum as metadata
-	checksum := hex.EncodeToString(hash.Sum(nil))
-	metadata := map[string]*string{
-		"sha256": &checksum,
-	}
-
-	_, err = blockBlobClient.SetMetadata(ctx, metadata, nil)
-	if err != nil {
-		// Non-fatal: upload succeeded but metadata failed
-		fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "Warning: failed to set blob metadata: %v\n", err)
-	}
-
-	return nil
 }
 
 // uploadBlocks uploads a file using block blob staging (for large files)
@@ -251,7 +260,7 @@ func (a *AzureBackend) uploadBlocks(ctx context.Context, file *os.File, blobName
 	return nil
 }
 
-// Download downloads a file from Azure Blob Storage
+// Download downloads a file from Azure Blob Storage with retry
 func (a *AzureBackend) Download(ctx context.Context, remotePath, localPath string, progress ProgressCallback) error {
 	blobName := strings.TrimPrefix(remotePath, "/")
 	blockBlobClient := a.client.ServiceClient().NewContainerClient(a.containerName).NewBlockBlobClient(blobName)
@@ -264,30 +273,34 @@ func (a *AzureBackend) Download(ctx context.Context, remotePath, localPath strin
 
 	fileSize := *props.ContentLength
 
-	// Download blob
+	return RetryOperationWithNotify(ctx, DefaultRetryConfig(), func() error {
-	resp, err := blockBlobClient.DownloadStream(ctx, nil)
+		// Download blob
-	if err != nil {
+		resp, err := blockBlobClient.DownloadStream(ctx, nil)
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to download blob: %w", err)
+		if err != nil {
-	}
+			return fmt.Errorf("failed to download blob: %w", err)
-	defer resp.Body.Close()
+		}
+		defer resp.Body.Close()
 
-	// Create local file
+		// Create/truncate local file
-	file, err := os.Create(localPath)
+		file, err := os.Create(localPath)
-	if err != nil {
+		if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to create file: %w", err)
+			return fmt.Errorf("failed to create file: %w", err)
-	}
+		}
-	defer file.Close()
+		defer file.Close()
 
-	// Wrap reader with progress tracking
+		// Wrap reader with progress tracking
-	reader := NewProgressReader(resp.Body, fileSize, progress)
+		reader := NewProgressReader(resp.Body, fileSize, progress)
 
-	// Copy with progress
+		// Copy with progress
-	_, err = io.Copy(file, reader)
+		_, err = io.Copy(file, reader)
-	if err != nil {
+		if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to write file: %w", err)
+			return fmt.Errorf("failed to write file: %w", err)
-	}
+		}
 
-	return nil
+		return nil
+	}, func(err error, duration time.Duration) {
+		fmt.Printf("[Azure] Download retry in %v: %v\n", duration, err)
+	})
 }
 
 // Delete deletes a file from Azure Blob Storage

internal/cloud/gcs.go

@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ func (g *GCSBackend) Name() string {
 	return "gcs"
 }
 
-// Upload uploads a file to Google Cloud Storage
+// Upload uploads a file to Google Cloud Storage with retry
 func (g *GCSBackend) Upload(ctx context.Context, localPath, remotePath string, progress ProgressCallback) error {
 	file, err := os.Open(localPath)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -106,45 +106,54 @@ func (g *GCSBackend) Upload(ctx context.Context, localPath, remotePath string, p
 	// Remove leading slash from remote path
 	objectName := strings.TrimPrefix(remotePath, "/")
 
-	bucket := g.client.Bucket(g.bucketName)
+	return RetryOperationWithNotify(ctx, DefaultRetryConfig(), func() error {
-	object := bucket.Object(objectName)
+		// Reset file position for retry
+		if _, err := file.Seek(0, 0); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("failed to reset file position: %w", err)
+		}
 
-	// Create writer with automatic chunking for large files
+		bucket := g.client.Bucket(g.bucketName)
-	writer := object.NewWriter(ctx)
+		object := bucket.Object(objectName)
-	writer.ChunkSize = 16 * 1024 * 1024 // 16MB chunks for streaming
 
-	// Wrap reader with progress tracking and hash calculation
+		// Create writer with automatic chunking for large files
-	hash := sha256.New()
+		writer := object.NewWriter(ctx)
-	reader := NewProgressReader(io.TeeReader(file, hash), fileSize, progress)
+		writer.ChunkSize = 16 * 1024 * 1024 // 16MB chunks for streaming
 
-	// Upload with progress tracking
+		// Wrap reader with progress tracking and hash calculation
-	_, err = io.Copy(writer, reader)
+		hash := sha256.New()
-	if err != nil {
+		reader := NewProgressReader(io.TeeReader(file, hash), fileSize, progress)
-		writer.Close()
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to upload object: %w", err)
-	}
 
-	// Close writer (finalizes upload)
+		// Upload with progress tracking
-	if err := writer.Close(); err != nil {
+		_, err = io.Copy(writer, reader)
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to finalize upload: %w", err)
+		if err != nil {
-	}
+			writer.Close()
+			return fmt.Errorf("failed to upload object: %w", err)
+		}
 
-	// Store checksum as metadata
+		// Close writer (finalizes upload)
-	checksum := hex.EncodeToString(hash.Sum(nil))
+		if err := writer.Close(); err != nil {
-	_, err = object.Update(ctx, storage.ObjectAttrsToUpdate{
+			return fmt.Errorf("failed to finalize upload: %w", err)
-		Metadata: map[string]string{
+		}
-			"sha256": checksum,
+
-		},
+		// Store checksum as metadata
+		checksum := hex.EncodeToString(hash.Sum(nil))
+		_, err = object.Update(ctx, storage.ObjectAttrsToUpdate{
+			Metadata: map[string]string{
+				"sha256": checksum,
+			},
+		})
+		if err != nil {
+			// Non-fatal: upload succeeded but metadata failed
+			fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "Warning: failed to set object metadata: %v\n", err)
+		}
+
+		return nil
+	}, func(err error, duration time.Duration) {
+		fmt.Printf("[GCS] Upload retry in %v: %v\n", duration, err)
 	})
-	if err != nil {
-		// Non-fatal: upload succeeded but metadata failed
-		fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "Warning: failed to set object metadata: %v\n", err)
-	}
-
-	return nil
 }
 
-// Download downloads a file from Google Cloud Storage
+// Download downloads a file from Google Cloud Storage with retry
 func (g *GCSBackend) Download(ctx context.Context, remotePath, localPath string, progress ProgressCallback) error {
 	objectName := strings.TrimPrefix(remotePath, "/")
 
@@ -159,30 +168,34 @@ func (g *GCSBackend) Download(ctx context.Context, remotePath, localPath string,
 
 	fileSize := attrs.Size
 
-	// Create reader
+	return RetryOperationWithNotify(ctx, DefaultRetryConfig(), func() error {
-	reader, err := object.NewReader(ctx)
+		// Create reader
-	if err != nil {
+		reader, err := object.NewReader(ctx)
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to download object: %w", err)
+		if err != nil {
-	}
+			return fmt.Errorf("failed to download object: %w", err)
-	defer reader.Close()
+		}
+		defer reader.Close()
 
-	// Create local file
+		// Create/truncate local file
-	file, err := os.Create(localPath)
+		file, err := os.Create(localPath)
-	if err != nil {
+		if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to create file: %w", err)
+			return fmt.Errorf("failed to create file: %w", err)
-	}
+		}
-	defer file.Close()
+		defer file.Close()
 
-	// Wrap reader with progress tracking
+		// Wrap reader with progress tracking
-	progressReader := NewProgressReader(reader, fileSize, progress)
+		progressReader := NewProgressReader(reader, fileSize, progress)
 
-	// Copy with progress
+		// Copy with progress
-	_, err = io.Copy(file, progressReader)
+		_, err = io.Copy(file, progressReader)
-	if err != nil {
+		if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to write file: %w", err)
+			return fmt.Errorf("failed to write file: %w", err)
-	}
+		}
 
-	return nil
+		return nil
+	}, func(err error, duration time.Duration) {
+		fmt.Printf("[GCS] Download retry in %v: %v\n", duration, err)
+	})
 }
 
 // Delete deletes a file from Google Cloud Storage

internal/cloud/retry.go

@@ -0,0 +1,257 @@
+package cloud
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"net"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/cenkalti/backoff/v4"
+)
+
+// RetryConfig configures retry behavior
+type RetryConfig struct {
+	MaxRetries      int           // Maximum number of retries (0 = unlimited)
+	InitialInterval time.Duration // Initial backoff interval
+	MaxInterval     time.Duration // Maximum backoff interval
+	MaxElapsedTime  time.Duration // Maximum total time for retries
+	Multiplier      float64       // Backoff multiplier
+}
+
+// DefaultRetryConfig returns sensible defaults for cloud operations
+func DefaultRetryConfig() *RetryConfig {
+	return &RetryConfig{
+		MaxRetries:      5,
+		InitialInterval: 500 * time.Millisecond,
+		MaxInterval:     30 * time.Second,
+		MaxElapsedTime:  5 * time.Minute,
+		Multiplier:      2.0,
+	}
+}
+
+// AggressiveRetryConfig returns config for critical operations that need more retries
+func AggressiveRetryConfig() *RetryConfig {
+	return &RetryConfig{
+		MaxRetries:      10,
+		InitialInterval: 1 * time.Second,
+		MaxInterval:     60 * time.Second,
+		MaxElapsedTime:  15 * time.Minute,
+		Multiplier:      1.5,
+	}
+}
+
+// QuickRetryConfig returns config for operations that should fail fast
+func QuickRetryConfig() *RetryConfig {
+	return &RetryConfig{
+		MaxRetries:      3,
+		InitialInterval: 100 * time.Millisecond,
+		MaxInterval:     5 * time.Second,
+		MaxElapsedTime:  30 * time.Second,
+		Multiplier:      2.0,
+	}
+}
+
+// RetryOperation executes an operation with exponential backoff retry
+func RetryOperation(ctx context.Context, cfg *RetryConfig, operation func() error) error {
+	if cfg == nil {
+		cfg = DefaultRetryConfig()
+	}
+
+	// Create exponential backoff
+	expBackoff := backoff.NewExponentialBackOff()
+	expBackoff.InitialInterval = cfg.InitialInterval
+	expBackoff.MaxInterval = cfg.MaxInterval
+	expBackoff.MaxElapsedTime = cfg.MaxElapsedTime
+	expBackoff.Multiplier = cfg.Multiplier
+	expBackoff.Reset()
+
+	// Wrap with max retries if specified
+	var b backoff.BackOff = expBackoff
+	if cfg.MaxRetries > 0 {
+		b = backoff.WithMaxRetries(expBackoff, uint64(cfg.MaxRetries))
+	}
+
+	// Add context support
+	b = backoff.WithContext(b, ctx)
+
+	// Track attempts for logging
+	attempt := 0
+
+	// Wrap operation to handle permanent vs retryable errors
+	wrappedOp := func() error {
+		attempt++
+		err := operation()
+		if err == nil {
+			return nil
+		}
+
+		// Check if error is permanent (should not retry)
+		if IsPermanentError(err) {
+			return backoff.Permanent(err)
+		}
+
+		return err
+	}
+
+	return backoff.Retry(wrappedOp, b)
+}
+
+// RetryOperationWithNotify executes an operation with retry and calls notify on each retry
+func RetryOperationWithNotify(ctx context.Context, cfg *RetryConfig, operation func() error, notify func(err error, duration time.Duration)) error {
+	if cfg == nil {
+		cfg = DefaultRetryConfig()
+	}
+
+	// Create exponential backoff
+	expBackoff := backoff.NewExponentialBackOff()
+	expBackoff.InitialInterval = cfg.InitialInterval
+	expBackoff.MaxInterval = cfg.MaxInterval
+	expBackoff.MaxElapsedTime = cfg.MaxElapsedTime
+	expBackoff.Multiplier = cfg.Multiplier
+	expBackoff.Reset()
+
+	// Wrap with max retries if specified
+	var b backoff.BackOff = expBackoff
+	if cfg.MaxRetries > 0 {
+		b = backoff.WithMaxRetries(expBackoff, uint64(cfg.MaxRetries))
+	}
+
+	// Add context support
+	b = backoff.WithContext(b, ctx)
+
+	// Wrap operation to handle permanent vs retryable errors
+	wrappedOp := func() error {
+		err := operation()
+		if err == nil {
+			return nil
+		}
+
+		// Check if error is permanent (should not retry)
+		if IsPermanentError(err) {
+			return backoff.Permanent(err)
+		}
+
+		return err
+	}
+
+	return backoff.RetryNotify(wrappedOp, b, notify)
+}
+
+// IsPermanentError returns true if the error should not be retried
+func IsPermanentError(err error) bool {
+	if err == nil {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	errStr := strings.ToLower(err.Error())
+
+	// Authentication/authorization errors - don't retry
+	permanentPatterns := []string{
+		"access denied",
+		"forbidden",
+		"unauthorized",
+		"invalid credentials",
+		"invalid access key",
+		"invalid secret",
+		"no such bucket",
+		"bucket not found",
+		"container not found",
+		"nosuchbucket",
+		"nosuchkey",
+		"invalid argument",
+		"malformed",
+		"invalid request",
+		"permission denied",
+		"access control",
+		"policy",
+	}
+
+	for _, pattern := range permanentPatterns {
+		if strings.Contains(errStr, pattern) {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+
+	return false
+}
+
+// IsRetryableError returns true if the error is transient and should be retried
+func IsRetryableError(err error) bool {
+	if err == nil {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	// Network errors are typically retryable
+	var netErr net.Error
+	if ok := isNetError(err, &netErr); ok {
+		return netErr.Timeout() || netErr.Temporary()
+	}
+
+	errStr := strings.ToLower(err.Error())
+
+	// Transient errors - should retry
+	retryablePatterns := []string{
+		"timeout",
+		"connection reset",
+		"connection refused",
+		"connection closed",
+		"eof",
+		"broken pipe",
+		"temporary failure",
+		"service unavailable",
+		"internal server error",
+		"bad gateway",
+		"gateway timeout",
+		"too many requests",
+		"rate limit",
+		"throttl",
+		"slowdown",
+		"try again",
+		"retry",
+	}
+
+	for _, pattern := range retryablePatterns {
+		if strings.Contains(errStr, pattern) {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+
+	return false
+}
+
+// isNetError checks if err wraps a net.Error
+func isNetError(err error, target *net.Error) bool {
+	for err != nil {
+		if ne, ok := err.(net.Error); ok {
+			*target = ne
+			return true
+		}
+		// Try to unwrap
+		if unwrapper, ok := err.(interface{ Unwrap() error }); ok {
+			err = unwrapper.Unwrap()
+		} else {
+			break
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+// WithRetry is a helper that wraps a function with default retry logic
+func WithRetry(ctx context.Context, operationName string, fn func() error) error {
+	notify := func(err error, duration time.Duration) {
+		// Log retry attempts (caller can provide their own logger if needed)
+		fmt.Printf("[RETRY] %s failed, retrying in %v: %v\n", operationName, duration, err)
+	}
+
+	return RetryOperationWithNotify(ctx, DefaultRetryConfig(), fn, notify)
+}
+
+// WithRetryConfig is a helper that wraps a function with custom retry config
+func WithRetryConfig(ctx context.Context, cfg *RetryConfig, operationName string, fn func() error) error {
+	notify := func(err error, duration time.Duration) {
+		fmt.Printf("[RETRY] %s failed, retrying in %v: %v\n", operationName, duration, err)
+	}
+
+	return RetryOperationWithNotify(ctx, cfg, fn, notify)
+}

internal/cloud/s3.go

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import (
 	"os"
 	"path/filepath"
 	"strings"
+	"time"
 
 	"github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/aws"
 	"github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/config"
@@ -123,63 +124,81 @@ func (s *S3Backend) Upload(ctx context.Context, localPath, remotePath string, pr
 	return s.uploadSimple(ctx, file, key, fileSize, progress)
 }
 
-// uploadSimple performs a simple single-part upload
+// uploadSimple performs a simple single-part upload with retry
 func (s *S3Backend) uploadSimple(ctx context.Context, file *os.File, key string, fileSize int64, progress ProgressCallback) error {
-	// Create progress reader
+	return RetryOperationWithNotify(ctx, DefaultRetryConfig(), func() error {
-	var reader io.Reader = file
+		// Reset file position for retry
-	if progress != nil {
+		if _, err := file.Seek(0, 0); err != nil {
-		reader = NewProgressReader(file, fileSize, progress)
+			return fmt.Errorf("failed to reset file position: %w", err)
-	}
+		}
 
-	// Upload to S3
+		// Create progress reader
-	_, err := s.client.PutObject(ctx, &s3.PutObjectInput{
+		var reader io.Reader = file
-		Bucket: aws.String(s.bucket),
+		if progress != nil {
-		Key:    aws.String(key),
+			reader = NewProgressReader(file, fileSize, progress)
-		Body:   reader,
+		}
+
+		// Upload to S3
+		_, err := s.client.PutObject(ctx, &s3.PutObjectInput{
+			Bucket: aws.String(s.bucket),
+			Key:    aws.String(key),
+			Body:   reader,
+		})
+
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("failed to upload to S3: %w", err)
+		}
+
+		return nil
+	}, func(err error, duration time.Duration) {
+		fmt.Printf("[S3] Upload retry in %v: %v\n", duration, err)
 	})
-
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to upload to S3: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	return nil
 }
 
-// uploadMultipart performs a multipart upload for large files
+// uploadMultipart performs a multipart upload for large files with retry
 func (s *S3Backend) uploadMultipart(ctx context.Context, file *os.File, key string, fileSize int64, progress ProgressCallback) error {
-	// Create uploader with custom options
+	return RetryOperationWithNotify(ctx, AggressiveRetryConfig(), func() error {
-	uploader := manager.NewUploader(s.client, func(u *manager.Uploader) {
+		// Reset file position for retry
-		// Part size: 10MB
+		if _, err := file.Seek(0, 0); err != nil {
-		u.PartSize = 10 * 1024 * 1024
+			return fmt.Errorf("failed to reset file position: %w", err)
+		}
 
-		// Upload up to 10 parts concurrently
+		// Create uploader with custom options
-		u.Concurrency = 10
+		uploader := manager.NewUploader(s.client, func(u *manager.Uploader) {
+			// Part size: 10MB
+			u.PartSize = 10 * 1024 * 1024
 
-		// Leave parts on failure for debugging
+			// Upload up to 10 parts concurrently
-		u.LeavePartsOnError = false
+			u.Concurrency = 10
+
+			// Leave parts on failure for debugging
+			u.LeavePartsOnError = false
+		})
+
+		// Wrap file with progress reader
+		var reader io.Reader = file
+		if progress != nil {
+			reader = NewProgressReader(file, fileSize, progress)
+		}
+
+		// Upload with multipart
+		_, err := uploader.Upload(ctx, &s3.PutObjectInput{
+			Bucket: aws.String(s.bucket),
+			Key:    aws.String(key),
+			Body:   reader,
+		})
+
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("multipart upload failed: %w", err)
+		}
+
+		return nil
+	}, func(err error, duration time.Duration) {
+		fmt.Printf("[S3] Multipart upload retry in %v: %v\n", duration, err)
 	})
-
-	// Wrap file with progress reader
-	var reader io.Reader = file
-	if progress != nil {
-		reader = NewProgressReader(file, fileSize, progress)
-	}
-
-	// Upload with multipart
-	_, err := uploader.Upload(ctx, &s3.PutObjectInput{
-		Bucket: aws.String(s.bucket),
-		Key:    aws.String(key),
-		Body:   reader,
-	})
-
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("multipart upload failed: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	return nil
 }
 
-// Download downloads a file from S3
+// Download downloads a file from S3 with retry
 func (s *S3Backend) Download(ctx context.Context, remotePath, localPath string, progress ProgressCallback) error {
 	// Build S3 key
 	key := s.buildKey(remotePath)
@@ -190,39 +209,44 @@ func (s *S3Backend) Download(ctx context.Context, remotePath, localPath string,
 		return fmt.Errorf("failed to get object size: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	// Download from S3
+	// Create directory for local file
-	result, err := s.client.GetObject(ctx, &s3.GetObjectInput{
-		Bucket: aws.String(s.bucket),
-		Key:    aws.String(key),
-	})
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to download from S3: %w", err)
-	}
-	defer result.Body.Close()
-
-	// Create local file
 	if err := os.MkdirAll(filepath.Dir(localPath), 0755); err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("failed to create directory: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	outFile, err := os.Create(localPath)
+	return RetryOperationWithNotify(ctx, DefaultRetryConfig(), func() error {
-	if err != nil {
+		// Download from S3
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to create local file: %w", err)
+		result, err := s.client.GetObject(ctx, &s3.GetObjectInput{
-	}
+			Bucket: aws.String(s.bucket),
-	defer outFile.Close()
+			Key:    aws.String(key),
+		})
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("failed to download from S3: %w", err)
+		}
+		defer result.Body.Close()
 
-	// Copy with progress tracking
+		// Create/truncate local file
-	var reader io.Reader = result.Body
+		outFile, err := os.Create(localPath)
-	if progress != nil {
+		if err != nil {
-		reader = NewProgressReader(result.Body, size, progress)
+			return fmt.Errorf("failed to create local file: %w", err)
-	}
+		}
+		defer outFile.Close()
 
-	_, err = io.Copy(outFile, reader)
+		// Copy with progress tracking
-	if err != nil {
+		var reader io.Reader = result.Body
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to write file: %w", err)
+		if progress != nil {
-	}
+			reader = NewProgressReader(result.Body, size, progress)
+		}
 
-	return nil
+		_, err = io.Copy(outFile, reader)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("failed to write file: %w", err)
+		}
+
+		return nil
+	}, func(err error, duration time.Duration) {
+		fmt.Printf("[S3] Download retry in %v: %v\n", duration, err)
+	})
 }
 
 // List lists all backup files in S3

internal/fs/fs.go

@@ -0,0 +1,223 @@
+// Package fs provides filesystem abstraction using spf13/afero for testability.
+// It allows swapping the real filesystem with an in-memory mock for unit tests.
+package fs
+
+import (
+	"io"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/spf13/afero"
+)
+
+// FS is the global filesystem interface used throughout the application.
+// By default, it uses the real OS filesystem.
+// For testing, use SetFS(afero.NewMemMapFs()) to use an in-memory filesystem.
+var FS afero.Fs = afero.NewOsFs()
+
+// SetFS sets the global filesystem (useful for testing)
+func SetFS(fs afero.Fs) {
+	FS = fs
+}
+
+// ResetFS resets to the real OS filesystem
+func ResetFS() {
+	FS = afero.NewOsFs()
+}
+
+// NewMemMapFs creates a new in-memory filesystem for testing
+func NewMemMapFs() afero.Fs {
+	return afero.NewMemMapFs()
+}
+
+// NewReadOnlyFs wraps a filesystem to make it read-only
+func NewReadOnlyFs(base afero.Fs) afero.Fs {
+	return afero.NewReadOnlyFs(base)
+}
+
+// NewBasePathFs creates a filesystem rooted at a specific path
+func NewBasePathFs(base afero.Fs, path string) afero.Fs {
+	return afero.NewBasePathFs(base, path)
+}
+
+// --- File Operations (use global FS) ---
+
+// Create creates a file
+func Create(name string) (afero.File, error) {
+	return FS.Create(name)
+}
+
+// Open opens a file for reading
+func Open(name string) (afero.File, error) {
+	return FS.Open(name)
+}
+
+// OpenFile opens a file with specified flags and permissions
+func OpenFile(name string, flag int, perm os.FileMode) (afero.File, error) {
+	return FS.OpenFile(name, flag, perm)
+}
+
+// Remove removes a file or empty directory
+func Remove(name string) error {
+	return FS.Remove(name)
+}
+
+// RemoveAll removes a path and any children it contains
+func RemoveAll(path string) error {
+	return FS.RemoveAll(path)
+}
+
+// Rename renames (moves) a file
+func Rename(oldname, newname string) error {
+	return FS.Rename(oldname, newname)
+}
+
+// Stat returns file info
+func Stat(name string) (os.FileInfo, error) {
+	return FS.Stat(name)
+}
+
+// Chmod changes file mode
+func Chmod(name string, mode os.FileMode) error {
+	return FS.Chmod(name, mode)
+}
+
+// Chown changes file ownership (may not work on all filesystems)
+func Chown(name string, uid, gid int) error {
+	return FS.Chown(name, uid, gid)
+}
+
+// Chtimes changes file access and modification times
+func Chtimes(name string, atime, mtime time.Time) error {
+	return FS.Chtimes(name, atime, mtime)
+}
+
+// --- Directory Operations ---
+
+// Mkdir creates a directory
+func Mkdir(name string, perm os.FileMode) error {
+	return FS.Mkdir(name, perm)
+}
+
+// MkdirAll creates a directory and all parents
+func MkdirAll(path string, perm os.FileMode) error {
+	return FS.MkdirAll(path, perm)
+}
+
+// ReadDir reads a directory
+func ReadDir(dirname string) ([]os.FileInfo, error) {
+	return afero.ReadDir(FS, dirname)
+}
+
+// --- File Content Operations ---
+
+// ReadFile reads an entire file
+func ReadFile(filename string) ([]byte, error) {
+	return afero.ReadFile(FS, filename)
+}
+
+// WriteFile writes data to a file
+func WriteFile(filename string, data []byte, perm os.FileMode) error {
+	return afero.WriteFile(FS, filename, data, perm)
+}
+
+// --- Existence Checks ---
+
+// Exists checks if a file or directory exists
+func Exists(path string) (bool, error) {
+	return afero.Exists(FS, path)
+}
+
+// DirExists checks if a directory exists
+func DirExists(path string) (bool, error) {
+	return afero.DirExists(FS, path)
+}
+
+// IsDir checks if path is a directory
+func IsDir(path string) (bool, error) {
+	return afero.IsDir(FS, path)
+}
+
+// IsEmpty checks if a directory is empty
+func IsEmpty(path string) (bool, error) {
+	return afero.IsEmpty(FS, path)
+}
+
+// --- Utility Functions ---
+
+// Walk walks a directory tree
+func Walk(root string, walkFn filepath.WalkFunc) error {
+	return afero.Walk(FS, root, walkFn)
+}
+
+// Glob returns the names of all files matching pattern
+func Glob(pattern string) ([]string, error) {
+	return afero.Glob(FS, pattern)
+}
+
+// TempDir creates a temporary directory
+func TempDir(dir, prefix string) (string, error) {
+	return afero.TempDir(FS, dir, prefix)
+}
+
+// TempFile creates a temporary file
+func TempFile(dir, pattern string) (afero.File, error) {
+	return afero.TempFile(FS, dir, pattern)
+}
+
+// CopyFile copies a file from src to dst
+func CopyFile(src, dst string) error {
+	srcFile, err := FS.Open(src)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	defer srcFile.Close()
+
+	srcInfo, err := srcFile.Stat()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	dstFile, err := FS.OpenFile(dst, os.O_WRONLY|os.O_CREATE|os.O_TRUNC, srcInfo.Mode())
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	defer dstFile.Close()
+
+	_, err = io.Copy(dstFile, srcFile)
+	return err
+}
+
+// FileSize returns the size of a file
+func FileSize(path string) (int64, error) {
+	info, err := FS.Stat(path)
+	if err != nil {
+		return 0, err
+	}
+	return info.Size(), nil
+}
+
+// --- Testing Helpers ---
+
+// WithMemFs executes a function with an in-memory filesystem, then restores the original
+func WithMemFs(fn func(fs afero.Fs)) {
+	original := FS
+	memFs := afero.NewMemMapFs()
+	FS = memFs
+	defer func() { FS = original }()
+	fn(memFs)
+}
+
+// SetupTestDir creates a test directory structure in-memory
+func SetupTestDir(files map[string]string) afero.Fs {
+	memFs := afero.NewMemMapFs()
+	for path, content := range files {
+		dir := filepath.Dir(path)
+		if dir != "." && dir != "/" {
+			_ = memFs.MkdirAll(dir, 0755)
+		}
+		_ = afero.WriteFile(memFs, path, []byte(content), 0644)
+	}
+	return memFs
+}

internal/fs/fs_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,191 @@
+package fs
+
+import (
+	"os"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/spf13/afero"
+)
+
+func TestMemMapFs(t *testing.T) {
+	// Use in-memory filesystem for testing
+	WithMemFs(func(memFs afero.Fs) {
+		// Create a file
+		err := WriteFile("/test/file.txt", []byte("hello world"), 0644)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("WriteFile failed: %v", err)
+		}
+
+		// Read it back
+		content, err := ReadFile("/test/file.txt")
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("ReadFile failed: %v", err)
+		}
+
+		if string(content) != "hello world" {
+			t.Errorf("expected 'hello world', got '%s'", string(content))
+		}
+
+		// Check existence
+		exists, err := Exists("/test/file.txt")
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("Exists failed: %v", err)
+		}
+		if !exists {
+			t.Error("file should exist")
+		}
+
+		// Check non-existent file
+		exists, err = Exists("/nonexistent.txt")
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("Exists failed: %v", err)
+		}
+		if exists {
+			t.Error("file should not exist")
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+func TestSetupTestDir(t *testing.T) {
+	// Create test directory structure
+	testFs := SetupTestDir(map[string]string{
+		"/backups/db1.dump":     "database 1 content",
+		"/backups/db2.dump":     "database 2 content",
+		"/config/settings.json": `{"key": "value"}`,
+	})
+
+	// Verify files exist
+	content, err := afero.ReadFile(testFs, "/backups/db1.dump")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("ReadFile failed: %v", err)
+	}
+	if string(content) != "database 1 content" {
+		t.Errorf("unexpected content: %s", string(content))
+	}
+
+	// Verify directory structure
+	files, err := afero.ReadDir(testFs, "/backups")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("ReadDir failed: %v", err)
+	}
+	if len(files) != 2 {
+		t.Errorf("expected 2 files, got %d", len(files))
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCopyFile(t *testing.T) {
+	WithMemFs(func(memFs afero.Fs) {
+		// Create source file
+		err := WriteFile("/source.txt", []byte("copy me"), 0644)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("WriteFile failed: %v", err)
+		}
+
+		// Copy file
+		err = CopyFile("/source.txt", "/dest.txt")
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("CopyFile failed: %v", err)
+		}
+
+		// Verify copy
+		content, err := ReadFile("/dest.txt")
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("ReadFile failed: %v", err)
+		}
+		if string(content) != "copy me" {
+			t.Errorf("unexpected content: %s", string(content))
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+func TestFileSize(t *testing.T) {
+	WithMemFs(func(memFs afero.Fs) {
+		data := []byte("12345678901234567890") // 20 bytes
+		err := WriteFile("/sized.txt", data, 0644)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("WriteFile failed: %v", err)
+		}
+
+		size, err := FileSize("/sized.txt")
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("FileSize failed: %v", err)
+		}
+		if size != 20 {
+			t.Errorf("expected size 20, got %d", size)
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+func TestTempDir(t *testing.T) {
+	WithMemFs(func(memFs afero.Fs) {
+		// Create temp dir
+		dir, err := TempDir("", "test-")
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("TempDir failed: %v", err)
+		}
+
+		// Verify it exists
+		isDir, err := IsDir(dir)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("IsDir failed: %v", err)
+		}
+		if !isDir {
+			t.Error("temp dir should be a directory")
+		}
+
+		// Verify it's empty
+		isEmpty, err := IsEmpty(dir)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("IsEmpty failed: %v", err)
+		}
+		if !isEmpty {
+			t.Error("temp dir should be empty")
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+func TestWalk(t *testing.T) {
+	WithMemFs(func(memFs afero.Fs) {
+		// Create directory structure
+		_ = MkdirAll("/root/a/b", 0755)
+		_ = WriteFile("/root/file1.txt", []byte("1"), 0644)
+		_ = WriteFile("/root/a/file2.txt", []byte("2"), 0644)
+		_ = WriteFile("/root/a/b/file3.txt", []byte("3"), 0644)
+
+		var files []string
+		err := Walk("/root", func(path string, info os.FileInfo, err error) error {
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+			if !info.IsDir() {
+				files = append(files, path)
+			}
+			return nil
+		})
+
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("Walk failed: %v", err)
+		}
+
+		if len(files) != 3 {
+			t.Errorf("expected 3 files, got %d: %v", len(files), files)
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+func TestGlob(t *testing.T) {
+	WithMemFs(func(memFs afero.Fs) {
+		_ = WriteFile("/data/backup1.dump", []byte("1"), 0644)
+		_ = WriteFile("/data/backup2.dump", []byte("2"), 0644)
+		_ = WriteFile("/data/config.json", []byte("{}"), 0644)
+
+		matches, err := Glob("/data/*.dump")
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("Glob failed: %v", err)
+		}
+
+		if len(matches) != 2 {
+			t.Errorf("expected 2 matches, got %d: %v", len(matches), matches)
+		}
+	})
+}

internal/logger/colors.go

@@ -0,0 +1,118 @@
+package logger
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+
+	"github.com/fatih/color"
+)
+
+// CLI output helpers using fatih/color for cross-platform support
+
+// Success prints a success message with green checkmark
+func Success(format string, args ...interface{}) {
+	msg := fmt.Sprintf(format, args...)
+	SuccessColor.Fprint(os.Stdout, "✓ ")
+	fmt.Println(msg)
+}
+
+// Error prints an error message with red X
+func Error(format string, args ...interface{}) {
+	msg := fmt.Sprintf(format, args...)
+	ErrorColor.Fprint(os.Stderr, "✗ ")
+	fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, msg)
+}
+
+// Warning prints a warning message with yellow exclamation
+func Warning(format string, args ...interface{}) {
+	msg := fmt.Sprintf(format, args...)
+	WarnColor.Fprint(os.Stdout, "⚠ ")
+	fmt.Println(msg)
+}
+
+// Info prints an info message with blue arrow
+func Info(format string, args ...interface{}) {
+	msg := fmt.Sprintf(format, args...)
+	InfoColor.Fprint(os.Stdout, "→ ")
+	fmt.Println(msg)
+}
+
+// Header prints a bold header
+func Header(format string, args ...interface{}) {
+	msg := fmt.Sprintf(format, args...)
+	HighlightColor.Println(msg)
+}
+
+// Dim prints dimmed/secondary text
+func Dim(format string, args ...interface{}) {
+	msg := fmt.Sprintf(format, args...)
+	DimColor.Println(msg)
+}
+
+// Bold returns bold text
+func Bold(text string) string {
+	return color.New(color.Bold).Sprint(text)
+}
+
+// Green returns green text
+func Green(text string) string {
+	return SuccessColor.Sprint(text)
+}
+
+// Red returns red text
+func Red(text string) string {
+	return ErrorColor.Sprint(text)
+}
+
+// Yellow returns yellow text
+func Yellow(text string) string {
+	return WarnColor.Sprint(text)
+}
+
+// Cyan returns cyan text
+func Cyan(text string) string {
+	return InfoColor.Sprint(text)
+}
+
+// StatusLine prints a key-value status line
+func StatusLine(key, value string) {
+	DimColor.Printf("  %s: ", key)
+	fmt.Println(value)
+}
+
+// ProgressStatus prints operation status with timing
+func ProgressStatus(operation string, status string, isSuccess bool) {
+	if isSuccess {
+		SuccessColor.Print("[OK] ")
+	} else {
+		ErrorColor.Print("[FAIL] ")
+	}
+	fmt.Printf("%s: %s\n", operation, status)
+}
+
+// Table prints a simple formatted table row
+func TableRow(cols ...string) {
+	for i, col := range cols {
+		if i == 0 {
+			InfoColor.Printf("%-20s", col)
+		} else {
+			fmt.Printf("%-15s", col)
+		}
+	}
+	fmt.Println()
+}
+
+// DisableColors disables all color output (for non-TTY or --no-color flag)
+func DisableColors() {
+	color.NoColor = true
+}
+
+// EnableColors enables color output
+func EnableColors() {
+	color.NoColor = false
+}
+
+// IsColorEnabled returns whether colors are enabled
+func IsColorEnabled() bool {
+	return !color.NoColor
+}

internal/logger/logger.go

@@ -7,9 +7,29 @@ import (
 	"strings"
 	"time"
 
+	"github.com/fatih/color"
 	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 )
 
+// Color printers for consistent output across the application
+var (
+	// Status colors
+	SuccessColor = color.New(color.FgGreen, color.Bold)
+	ErrorColor   = color.New(color.FgRed, color.Bold)
+	WarnColor    = color.New(color.FgYellow, color.Bold)
+	InfoColor    = color.New(color.FgCyan)
+	DebugColor   = color.New(color.FgWhite)
+
+	// Highlight colors
+	HighlightColor = color.New(color.FgMagenta, color.Bold)
+	DimColor       = color.New(color.FgHiBlack)
+
+	// Data colors
+	NumberColor = color.New(color.FgYellow)
+	PathColor   = color.New(color.FgBlue, color.Underline)
+	TimeColor   = color.New(color.FgCyan)
+)
+
 // Logger defines the interface for logging
 type Logger interface {
 	Debug(msg string, args ...any)
@@ -226,34 +246,32 @@ type CleanFormatter struct{}
 func (f *CleanFormatter) Format(entry *logrus.Entry) ([]byte, error) {
 	timestamp := entry.Time.Format("2006-01-02T15:04:05")
 
-	// Color codes for different log levels
+	// Get level color and text using fatih/color
-	var levelColor, levelText string
+	var levelPrinter *color.Color
+	var levelText string
 	switch entry.Level {
 	case logrus.DebugLevel:
-		levelColor = "\033[36m" // Cyan
+		levelPrinter = DebugColor
 		levelText = "DEBUG"
 	case logrus.InfoLevel:
-		levelColor = "\033[32m" // Green
+		levelPrinter = SuccessColor
 		levelText = "INFO "
 	case logrus.WarnLevel:
-		levelColor = "\033[33m" // Yellow
+		levelPrinter = WarnColor
 		levelText = "WARN "
 	case logrus.ErrorLevel:
-		levelColor = "\033[31m" // Red
+		levelPrinter = ErrorColor
 		levelText = "ERROR"
 	default:
-		levelColor = "\033[0m" // Reset
+		levelPrinter = InfoColor
 		levelText = "INFO "
 	}
-	resetColor := "\033[0m"
 
 	// Build the message with perfectly aligned columns
 	var output strings.Builder
 
 	// Column 1: Level (with color, fixed width 5 chars)
-	output.WriteString(levelColor)
+	output.WriteString(levelPrinter.Sprint(levelText))
-	output.WriteString(levelText)
-	output.WriteString(resetColor)
 	output.WriteString(" ")
 
 	// Column 2: Timestamp (fixed format)

internal/progress/progress.go

@@ -6,6 +6,16 @@ import (
 	"os"
 	"strings"
 	"time"
+
+	"github.com/fatih/color"
+	"github.com/schollz/progressbar/v3"
+)
+
+// Color printers for progress indicators
+var (
+	okColor   = color.New(color.FgGreen, color.Bold)
+	failColor = color.New(color.FgRed, color.Bold)
+	warnColor = color.New(color.FgYellow, color.Bold)
 )
 
 // Indicator represents a progress indicator interface
@@ -92,13 +102,15 @@ func (s *Spinner) Update(message string) {
 // Complete stops the spinner with a success message
 func (s *Spinner) Complete(message string) {
 	s.Stop()
-	fmt.Fprintf(s.writer, "\n[OK] %s\n", message)
+	okColor.Fprint(s.writer, "[OK] ")
+	fmt.Fprintln(s.writer, message)
 }
 
 // Fail stops the spinner with a failure message
 func (s *Spinner) Fail(message string) {
 	s.Stop()
-	fmt.Fprintf(s.writer, "\n[FAIL] %s\n", message)
+	failColor.Fprint(s.writer, "[FAIL] ")
+	fmt.Fprintln(s.writer, message)
 }
 
 // Stop stops the spinner
@@ -167,13 +179,15 @@ func (d *Dots) Update(message string) {
 // Complete stops the dots with a success message
 func (d *Dots) Complete(message string) {
 	d.Stop()
-	fmt.Fprintf(d.writer, " [OK] %s\n", message)
+	okColor.Fprint(d.writer, " [OK] ")
+	fmt.Fprintln(d.writer, message)
 }
 
 // Fail stops the dots with a failure message
 func (d *Dots) Fail(message string) {
 	d.Stop()
-	fmt.Fprintf(d.writer, " [FAIL] %s\n", message)
+	failColor.Fprint(d.writer, " [FAIL] ")
+	fmt.Fprintln(d.writer, message)
 }
 
 // Stop stops the dots indicator
@@ -239,14 +253,16 @@ func (p *ProgressBar) Complete(message string) {
 	p.current = p.total
 	p.message = message
 	p.render()
-	fmt.Fprintf(p.writer, " [OK] %s\n", message)
+	okColor.Fprint(p.writer, " [OK] ")
+	fmt.Fprintln(p.writer, message)
 	p.Stop()
 }
 
 // Fail stops the progress bar with failure
 func (p *ProgressBar) Fail(message string) {
 	p.render()
-	fmt.Fprintf(p.writer, " [FAIL] %s\n", message)
+	failColor.Fprint(p.writer, " [FAIL] ")
+	fmt.Fprintln(p.writer, message)
 	p.Stop()
 }
 
@@ -298,12 +314,14 @@ func (s *Static) Update(message string) {
 
 // Complete shows completion message
 func (s *Static) Complete(message string) {
-	fmt.Fprintf(s.writer, " [OK] %s\n", message)
+	okColor.Fprint(s.writer, " [OK] ")
+	fmt.Fprintln(s.writer, message)
 }
 
 // Fail shows failure message
 func (s *Static) Fail(message string) {
-	fmt.Fprintf(s.writer, " [FAIL] %s\n", message)
+	failColor.Fprint(s.writer, " [FAIL] ")
+	fmt.Fprintln(s.writer, message)
 }
 
 // Stop does nothing for static indicator
@@ -380,12 +398,14 @@ func (l *LineByLine) SetEstimator(estimator *ETAEstimator) {
 
 // Complete shows completion message
 func (l *LineByLine) Complete(message string) {
-	fmt.Fprintf(l.writer, "[OK] %s\n\n", message)
+	okColor.Fprint(l.writer, "[OK] ")
+	fmt.Fprintf(l.writer, "%s\n\n", message)
 }
 
 // Fail shows failure message
 func (l *LineByLine) Fail(message string) {
-	fmt.Fprintf(l.writer, "[FAIL] %s\n\n", message)
+	failColor.Fprint(l.writer, "[FAIL] ")
+	fmt.Fprintf(l.writer, "%s\n\n", message)
 }
 
 // Stop does nothing for line-by-line (no cleanup needed)
@@ -408,13 +428,15 @@ func (l *Light) Update(message string) {
 
 func (l *Light) Complete(message string) {
 	if !l.silent {
-		fmt.Fprintf(l.writer, "[OK] %s\n", message)
+		okColor.Fprint(l.writer, "[OK] ")
+		fmt.Fprintln(l.writer, message)
 	}
 }
 
 func (l *Light) Fail(message string) {
 	if !l.silent {
-		fmt.Fprintf(l.writer, "[FAIL] %s\n", message)
+		failColor.Fprint(l.writer, "[FAIL] ")
+		fmt.Fprintln(l.writer, message)
 	}
 }
 
@@ -440,6 +462,8 @@ func NewIndicator(interactive bool, indicatorType string) Indicator {
 		return NewDots()
 	case "bar":
 		return NewProgressBar(100) // Default to 100 steps
+	case "schollz":
+		return NewSchollzBarItems(100, "Progress")
 	case "line":
 		return NewLineByLine()
 	case "light":
@@ -463,3 +487,161 @@ func (n *NullIndicator) Complete(message string)              {}
 func (n *NullIndicator) Fail(message string)                  {}
 func (n *NullIndicator) Stop()                                {}
 func (n *NullIndicator) SetEstimator(estimator *ETAEstimator) {}
+
+// SchollzBar wraps schollz/progressbar for enhanced progress display
+// Ideal for byte-based operations like archive extraction and file transfers
+type SchollzBar struct {
+	bar       *progressbar.ProgressBar
+	message   string
+	total     int64
+	estimator *ETAEstimator
+}
+
+// NewSchollzBar creates a new schollz progressbar with byte-based progress
+func NewSchollzBar(total int64, description string) *SchollzBar {
+	bar := progressbar.NewOptions64(
+		total,
+		progressbar.OptionEnableColorCodes(true),
+		progressbar.OptionShowBytes(true),
+		progressbar.OptionSetWidth(40),
+		progressbar.OptionSetDescription(description),
+		progressbar.OptionSetTheme(progressbar.Theme{
+			Saucer:        "[green]█[reset]",
+			SaucerHead:    "[green]▌[reset]",
+			SaucerPadding: "░",
+			BarStart:      "[",
+			BarEnd:        "]",
+		}),
+		progressbar.OptionShowCount(),
+		progressbar.OptionSetPredictTime(true),
+		progressbar.OptionFullWidth(),
+		progressbar.OptionClearOnFinish(),
+	)
+	return &SchollzBar{
+		bar:     bar,
+		message: description,
+		total:   total,
+	}
+}
+
+// NewSchollzBarItems creates a progressbar for item counts (not bytes)
+func NewSchollzBarItems(total int, description string) *SchollzBar {
+	bar := progressbar.NewOptions(
+		total,
+		progressbar.OptionEnableColorCodes(true),
+		progressbar.OptionShowCount(),
+		progressbar.OptionSetWidth(40),
+		progressbar.OptionSetDescription(description),
+		progressbar.OptionSetTheme(progressbar.Theme{
+			Saucer:        "[cyan]█[reset]",
+			SaucerHead:    "[cyan]▌[reset]",
+			SaucerPadding: "░",
+			BarStart:      "[",
+			BarEnd:        "]",
+		}),
+		progressbar.OptionSetPredictTime(true),
+		progressbar.OptionFullWidth(),
+		progressbar.OptionClearOnFinish(),
+	)
+	return &SchollzBar{
+		bar:     bar,
+		message: description,
+		total:   int64(total),
+	}
+}
+
+// NewSchollzSpinner creates an indeterminate spinner for unknown-length operations
+func NewSchollzSpinner(description string) *SchollzBar {
+	bar := progressbar.NewOptions(
+		-1, // Indeterminate
+		progressbar.OptionEnableColorCodes(true),
+		progressbar.OptionSetWidth(40),
+		progressbar.OptionSetDescription(description),
+		progressbar.OptionSpinnerType(14), // Braille spinner
+		progressbar.OptionFullWidth(),
+	)
+	return &SchollzBar{
+		bar:     bar,
+		message: description,
+		total:   -1,
+	}
+}
+
+// Start initializes the progress bar (Indicator interface)
+func (s *SchollzBar) Start(message string) {
+	s.message = message
+	s.bar.Describe(message)
+}
+
+// Update updates the description (Indicator interface)
+func (s *SchollzBar) Update(message string) {
+	s.message = message
+	s.bar.Describe(message)
+}
+
+// Add adds bytes/items to the progress
+func (s *SchollzBar) Add(n int) error {
+	return s.bar.Add(n)
+}
+
+// Add64 adds bytes to the progress (for large files)
+func (s *SchollzBar) Add64(n int64) error {
+	return s.bar.Add64(n)
+}
+
+// Set sets the current progress value
+func (s *SchollzBar) Set(n int) error {
+	return s.bar.Set(n)
+}
+
+// Set64 sets the current progress value (for large files)
+func (s *SchollzBar) Set64(n int64) error {
+	return s.bar.Set64(n)
+}
+
+// ChangeMax updates the maximum value
+func (s *SchollzBar) ChangeMax(max int) {
+	s.bar.ChangeMax(max)
+	s.total = int64(max)
+}
+
+// ChangeMax64 updates the maximum value (for large files)
+func (s *SchollzBar) ChangeMax64(max int64) {
+	s.bar.ChangeMax64(max)
+	s.total = max
+}
+
+// Complete finishes with success (Indicator interface)
+func (s *SchollzBar) Complete(message string) {
+	_ = s.bar.Finish()
+	okColor.Print("[OK] ")
+	fmt.Println(message)
+}
+
+// Fail finishes with failure (Indicator interface)
+func (s *SchollzBar) Fail(message string) {
+	_ = s.bar.Clear()
+	failColor.Print("[FAIL] ")
+	fmt.Println(message)
+}
+
+// Stop stops the progress bar (Indicator interface)
+func (s *SchollzBar) Stop() {
+	_ = s.bar.Clear()
+}
+
+// SetEstimator is a no-op (schollz has built-in ETA)
+func (s *SchollzBar) SetEstimator(estimator *ETAEstimator) {
+	s.estimator = estimator
+}
+
+// Writer returns an io.Writer that updates progress as data is written
+// Useful for wrapping readers/writers in copy operations
+func (s *SchollzBar) Writer() io.Writer {
+	return s.bar
+}
+
+// Finish marks the progress as complete
+func (s *SchollzBar) Finish() error {
+	return s.bar.Finish()
+}

internal/restore/cloud_download.go

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ import (
 	"dbbackup/internal/cloud"
 	"dbbackup/internal/logger"
 	"dbbackup/internal/metadata"
+	"dbbackup/internal/progress"
 )
 
 // CloudDownloader handles downloading backups from cloud storage
@@ -73,25 +74,43 @@ func (d *CloudDownloader) Download(ctx context.Context, remotePath string, opts
 		size = 0 // Continue anyway
 	}
 
-	// Progress callback
+	// Create schollz progressbar for visual download progress
-	var lastPercent int
+	var bar *progress.SchollzBar
+	if size > 0 {
+		bar = progress.NewSchollzBar(size, fmt.Sprintf("Downloading %s", filename))
+	} else {
+		bar = progress.NewSchollzSpinner(fmt.Sprintf("Downloading %s", filename))
+	}
+
+	// Progress callback with schollz progressbar
+	var lastBytes int64
 	progressCallback := func(transferred, total int64) {
-		if total > 0 {
+		if bar != nil {
-			percent := int(float64(transferred) / float64(total) * 100)
+			// Update progress bar with delta
-			if percent != lastPercent && percent%10 == 0 {
+			delta := transferred - lastBytes
-				d.log.Info("Download progress", "percent", percent, "transferred", cloud.FormatSize(transferred), "total", cloud.FormatSize(total))
+			if delta > 0 {
-				lastPercent = percent
+				_ = bar.Add64(delta)
 			}
+			lastBytes = transferred
 		}
 	}
 
 	// Download file
 	if err := d.backend.Download(ctx, remotePath, localPath, progressCallback); err != nil {
+		if bar != nil {
+			bar.Fail("Download failed")
+		}
 		// Cleanup on failure
 		os.RemoveAll(tempSubDir)
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("download failed: %w", err)
 	}
 
+	if bar != nil {
+		_ = bar.Finish()
+	}
+
+	d.log.Info("Download completed", "size", cloud.FormatSize(size))
+
 	result := &DownloadResult{
 		LocalPath:  localPath,
 		RemotePath: remotePath,
@@ -115,7 +134,7 @@ func (d *CloudDownloader) Download(ctx context.Context, remotePath string, opts
 	// Verify checksum if requested
 	if opts.VerifyChecksum {
 		d.log.Info("Verifying checksum...")
-		checksum, err := calculateSHA256(localPath)
+		checksum, err := calculateSHA256WithProgress(localPath)
 		if err != nil {
 			// Cleanup on verification failure
 			os.RemoveAll(tempSubDir)
@@ -186,6 +205,35 @@ func calculateSHA256(filePath string) (string, error) {
 	return hex.EncodeToString(hash.Sum(nil)), nil
 }
 
+// calculateSHA256WithProgress calculates SHA-256 with visual progress bar
+func calculateSHA256WithProgress(filePath string) (string, error) {
+	file, err := os.Open(filePath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+	defer file.Close()
+
+	// Get file size for progress bar
+	stat, err := file.Stat()
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+
+	bar := progress.NewSchollzBar(stat.Size(), "Verifying checksum")
+	hash := sha256.New()
+
+	// Create a multi-writer to update both hash and progress
+	writer := io.MultiWriter(hash, bar.Writer())
+
+	if _, err := io.Copy(writer, file); err != nil {
+		bar.Fail("Verification failed")
+		return "", err
+	}
+
+	_ = bar.Finish()
+	return hex.EncodeToString(hash.Sum(nil)), nil
+}
+
 // DownloadFromCloudURI is a convenience function to download from a cloud URI
 func DownloadFromCloudURI(ctx context.Context, uri string, opts DownloadOptions) (*DownloadResult, error) {
 	// Parse URI

internal/restore/engine.go

@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ import (
 	"dbbackup/internal/progress"
 	"dbbackup/internal/security"
 
+	"github.com/hashicorp/go-multierror"
 	_ "github.com/jackc/pgx/v5/stdlib" // PostgreSQL driver
 )
 
@@ -961,7 +962,8 @@ func (e *Engine) RestoreCluster(ctx context.Context, archivePath string) error {
 		}()
 	}
 
-	var failedDBs []string
+	var restoreErrors *multierror.Error
+	var restoreErrorsMu sync.Mutex
 	totalDBs := 0
 
 	// Count total databases
@@ -995,7 +997,6 @@ func (e *Engine) RestoreCluster(ctx context.Context, archivePath string) error {
 	}
 
 	var successCount, failCount int32
-	var failedDBsMu sync.Mutex
 	var mu sync.Mutex // Protect shared resources (progress, logger)
 
 	// Create semaphore to limit concurrency
@@ -1050,9 +1051,9 @@ func (e *Engine) RestoreCluster(ctx context.Context, archivePath string) error {
 			// STEP 2: Create fresh database
 			if err := e.ensureDatabaseExists(ctx, dbName); err != nil {
 				e.log.Error("Failed to create database", "name", dbName, "error", err)
-				failedDBsMu.Lock()
+				restoreErrorsMu.Lock()
-				failedDBs = append(failedDBs, fmt.Sprintf("%s: failed to create database: %v", dbName, err))
+				restoreErrors = multierror.Append(restoreErrors, fmt.Errorf("%s: failed to create database: %w", dbName, err))
-				failedDBsMu.Unlock()
+				restoreErrorsMu.Unlock()
 				atomic.AddInt32(&failCount, 1)
 				return
 			}
@@ -1095,10 +1096,10 @@ func (e *Engine) RestoreCluster(ctx context.Context, archivePath string) error {
 					mu.Unlock()
 				}
 
-				failedDBsMu.Lock()
+				restoreErrorsMu.Lock()
 				// Include more context in the error message
-				failedDBs = append(failedDBs, fmt.Sprintf("%s: restore failed: %v", dbName, restoreErr))
+				restoreErrors = multierror.Append(restoreErrors, fmt.Errorf("%s: restore failed: %w", dbName, restoreErr))
-				failedDBsMu.Unlock()
+				restoreErrorsMu.Unlock()
 				atomic.AddInt32(&failCount, 1)
 				return
 			}
@@ -1116,7 +1117,17 @@ func (e *Engine) RestoreCluster(ctx context.Context, archivePath string) error {
 	failCountFinal := int(atomic.LoadInt32(&failCount))
 
 	if failCountFinal > 0 {
-		failedList := strings.Join(failedDBs, "\n  ")
+		// Format multi-error with detailed output
+		restoreErrors.ErrorFormat = func(errs []error) string {
+			if len(errs) == 1 {
+				return errs[0].Error()
+			}
+			points := make([]string, len(errs))
+			for i, err := range errs {
+				points[i] = fmt.Sprintf("  • %s", err.Error())
+			}
+			return fmt.Sprintf("%d database(s) failed:\n%s", len(errs), strings.Join(points, "\n"))
+		}
 
 		// Log summary
 		e.log.Info("Cluster restore completed with failures",
@@ -1127,7 +1138,7 @@ func (e *Engine) RestoreCluster(ctx context.Context, archivePath string) error {
 		e.progress.Fail(fmt.Sprintf("Cluster restore: %d succeeded, %d failed out of %d total", successCountFinal, failCountFinal, totalDBs))
 		operation.Complete(fmt.Sprintf("Partial restore: %d/%d databases succeeded", successCountFinal, totalDBs))
 
-		return fmt.Errorf("cluster restore completed with %d failures:\n  %s", failCountFinal, failedList)
+		return fmt.Errorf("cluster restore completed with %d failures:\n%s", failCountFinal, restoreErrors.Error())
 	}
 
 	e.progress.Complete(fmt.Sprintf("Cluster restored successfully: %d databases", successCountFinal))

internal/restore/preflight.go

@@ -35,15 +35,15 @@ type PreflightResult struct {
 
 // LinuxChecks contains Linux kernel/system checks
 type LinuxChecks struct {
-	ShmMax         int64  // /proc/sys/kernel/shmmax
+	ShmMax         int64   // /proc/sys/kernel/shmmax
-	ShmAll         int64  // /proc/sys/kernel/shmall
+	ShmAll         int64   // /proc/sys/kernel/shmall
-	MemTotal       uint64 // Total RAM in bytes
+	MemTotal       uint64  // Total RAM in bytes
-	MemAvailable   uint64 // Available RAM in bytes
+	MemAvailable   uint64  // Available RAM in bytes
 	MemUsedPercent float64 // Memory usage percentage
-	ShmMaxOK       bool   // Is shmmax sufficient?
+	ShmMaxOK       bool    // Is shmmax sufficient?
-	ShmAllOK       bool   // Is shmall sufficient?
+	ShmAllOK       bool    // Is shmall sufficient?
-	MemAvailableOK bool   // Is available RAM sufficient?
+	MemAvailableOK bool    // Is available RAM sufficient?
-	IsLinux        bool   // Are we running on Linux?
+	IsLinux        bool    // Are we running on Linux?
 }
 
 // PostgreSQLChecks contains PostgreSQL configuration checks

main.go

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ import (
 
 // Build information (set by ldflags)
 var (
-	version   = "3.42.10"
+	version   = "3.42.34"
 	buildTime = "unknown"
 	gitCommit = "unknown"
 )